Thyroid Oncology & Endocrine Surgery.
Expert surgical management of thyroid nodules, goiters, and thyroid cancers. Specializing in hemithyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy with micro-surgical identification to protect the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands.
Objective, evidence-based staging and endocrine surgery guidelines.
- MDS (Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery)
- IFAAM (Germany)
Oncology & Flap Reconstruction Specialty
Thyroid & Endocrine Screening
Concerned about a thyroid lump or goiter? Use our clinical screening checklist to analyze your risk profile based on clinical indicators.
Quick assessment based on thyroid symptoms.
No personal data saved during check.
Risk metrics reflecting voice changes and swallowing dynamics.
Question Text
No immediate concern detected
Based on your answers, there are no immediate signs of thyroid pathology. Routine screening is advised.
Thyroid Nodules & Resection Protocol
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine organ located at the lower front of the neck. Nodules or swellings in the thyroid are common, and although most are benign goiters or adenomas, specific nodules can represent thyroid cancer (such as Papillary, Follicular, Medullary, or Anaplastic carcinoma). Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common and responds exceptionally well to comprehensive surgical clearance.
1. Staging and Ultrasounds (Bethesda Criteria)
Thyroid nodules are evaluated using a high-resolution neck ultrasound (TI-RADS classification) followed by a **Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC)** if the nodule exceeds threshold sizes or exhibits suspicious features (like microcalcifications). Pathologists classify the FNAC results using the **Bethesda Staging System** ( Bethesda I to VI), where higher categories correlate with higher malignancy risks and indicate the need for partial or total surgical removal.
2. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve & Voice Preservation
The **Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN)** is a delicate nerve branch that controls the movement of the vocal cords. It runs directly behind the thyroid lobes. Accidental damage or stretch to this nerve during a thyroidectomy causes hoarseness or a weak voice (unilateral damage) or airway obstruction (bilateral damage). Dr. Saha utilizes meticulous surgical magnification to locate and dissect the RLN along its entire course in the tracheoesophageal groove, preserving vocal integrity.
3. Parathyroid Preservation and Nodal Clearance
Four tiny **parathyroid glands** (which regulate the body's calcium levels) sit on the back surface of the thyroid. During a total thyroidectomy, preserving their blood supply is essential to prevent hypocalcemia (low blood calcium causing muscle cramps and tingling). Additionally, in cases of malignant thyroid carcinoma, a **Central Compartment Neck Dissection (Level VI)** is performed to clear the surrounding lymph nodes, followed by lateral neck dissections if nodal disease has spread.
Thyroid Surgery Q&A
Scientific explanations covering thyroid nodules, voice protection, and post-surgical care.
A thyroidectomy is the surgical removal of part (hemithyroidectomy) or all (total thyroidectomy) of the thyroid gland. It is performed to treat thyroid cancers, large goiters that compress the windpipe or swallowing tube, or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) that doesn't respond to medications.
Dr. Saha utilizes micro-surgical dissection to identify the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) at its entry point near the larynx. The nerve is carefully dissected and separated from the thyroid tissue before the gland is removed, preventing stretching or cutting that could lead to hoarseness or voice loss.
If you undergo a total thyroidectomy (removal of the entire gland), your body will no longer produce thyroid hormone. You will need to take a daily thyroid hormone replacement tablet (levothyroxine) for life to maintain normal metabolism. If only one lobe is removed (hemithyroidectomy), the remaining lobe often produces enough hormone, avoiding the need for medication in many patients.
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