What Is a Cleft Lip?
If your child has been diagnosed with a cleft lip,
A cleft lip is a birth defect that occurs when the tissue that forms the upper lip does not fuse completely during early pregnancy, leaving an opening (cleft) in the lip. It can range from a small notch to a complete separation extending into the nose.
- Types of cleft lip:
- Unilateral cleft lip β occurs on one side of the lip (most common)
- Bilateral cleft lip β occurs on both sides
- Complete cleft lip β extends all the way into the nose
- Incomplete cleft lip β a small notch that does not reach the nose
- Microform cleft lip β a very mild form that may look like a small scar
- How it happens:
- During weeks 4β7 of pregnancy, the tissues of the face fuse together
- In a cleft lip, this fusion does not happen completely on one or both sides
- The cause is not always known but involves genetic and environmental factors
- Associated conditions:
- Cleft lip often occurs with a cleft palate (about 50% of cases)
- Children with cleft lip may also have dental issues
- Hearing problems can occur in some cases
When to See a Specialist
- If your child has a cleft lip, they should be seen by a cleft team that includes:
- Plastic surgeon
- Otolaryngologist (ENT)
- Speech therapist
- Orthodontist
- Audiologist
- Genetic counselor
Clinical Guidance
A cleft lip is an opening in the upper lip that occurs when facial tissues do not fuse during early pregnancy. It is treatable with surgery, typically performed at 3β6 months of age. Children born with cleft lip can go on to lead full, healthy lives with proper treatment.