I Have Shortness of Breath That Won't Go Away

Shortness of breath can be worrying. Here is a look at possible causes.

Persistent shortness of breath is almost always from a heart or lung condition, not head and neck cancer. But when it relates to the head and neck, there are a few possibilities.

  • Most common causes (heart/lungs):
  • Asthma
  • COPD (chronic lung disease)
  • Heart failure
  • Anemia
  • Anxiety or panic attacks
  • Deconditioning (being out of shape)
  • Head and neck related causes:
  • Vocal cord paralysis β€” one or both vocal cords do not open properly, restricting airflow
  • Enlarged thyroid (goiter) β€” can press on the trachea (windpipe) and cause breathing difficulty
  • Laryngeal or tracheal tumor β€” rare, but can obstruct the airway
  • Obstructive sleep apnea β€” causes breathlessness at night and daytime fatigue

What to Look For

  • Usually not serious:
  • Shortness of breath with anxiety or panic
  • Only happens with exertion
  • Comes and goes
  • Improves with treating asthma or allergies
  • Worth having checked:
  • Shortness of breath that is getting worse
  • Noisy breathing (stridor) β€” a high-pitched sound when breathing in
  • Feeling like you cannot get enough air even at rest
  • Blue lips or fingertips
  • Chest pain or tightness
  • Unexplained weight loss

When to See a Doctor

  • See a doctor urgently if:
  • You have sudden or worsening shortness of breath
  • You have noisy breathing (stridor)
  • You have chest pain
  • Your lips or fingertips look blue
  • You cannot lie flat because of breathing difficulty

Clinical Guidance