How Do I Check My Mouth for Signs of Cancer at Home?

Performing a monthly self-exam of your mouth can help you notice changes early. Here is a step-by-step guide.

A monthly oral cancer self-exam takes about 2 minutes and can help you become familiar with what is normal for your mouth so you notice anything unusual.

Step-by-Step Self-Exam

  • Step 1: Look at your face and neck
  • Stand in front of a mirror with good lighting
  • Look at your face and neck for any swelling, bumps, or asymmetry
  • Turn your head side to side
  • Step 2: Look inside your lips and cheeks
  • Pull your lower lip down and look at the inside surface
  • Use your thumb and index finger to feel the lip for any lumps
  • Pull your cheek out and look at the inside surface β€” the pink tissue
  • Check the area where your teeth meet your cheek
  • Step 3: Look at your gums
  • Lift your upper lip and look at your gums
  • Pull down your lower lip and check the lower gums
  • Look for any white patches, red patches, dark spots, or sores
  • Step 4: Look at the roof of your mouth
  • Tilt your head back and open wide
  • Look at the roof of your mouth (hard palate)
  • Check for any lumps, bumps, or color changes
  • Step 5: Look at your tongue
  • Stick out your tongue and look at all surfaces β€” top, sides, and bottom
  • Gently pull your tongue to the left and right to check the sides
  • Lift your tongue to look at the floor of your mouth
  • Feel your tongue for any lumps or hard areas
  • Step 6: Feel your neck
  • Place your fingers flat on each side of your neck
  • Gently press and feel for any lumps, knots, or tender areas
  • Check under your jaw and along your collarbones

What You Are Looking For

  • Look for any of these changes:
  • A sore that does not heal within 2 weeks
  • White or red patches anywhere in the mouth
  • A lump, thickening, or rough spot
  • Numbness or tingling
  • Bleeding without a clear cause
  • A change in how your teeth fit together or how your dentures fit
  • Any spot that looks different from the surrounding tissue

When to See a Doctor

If you find anything unusual that does not go away within 2 weeks, see a dentist or ENT doctor. Remember:

  • Most findings are harmless
  • You are looking for persistent changes, not things that come and go
  • When in doubt, have it checked β€” peace of mind is worth the visit

Clinical Guidance