Is Nerve Damage Permanent After Jaw Surgery?
The risk of nerve damage is one of the most common concerns. Here is an honest look at what to expect.
Nerve damage after orthognathic surgery is usually temporary, but in a small percentage of cases, some numbness may be permanent.
- Lower jaw surgery (most relevant for nerve issues):
- The inferior alveolar nerve runs through the lower jaw
- This nerve controls sensation in your lower lip and chin
- Temporary numbness of the lower lip and chin occurs in 80β90% of patients
- Most regains normal sensation within 6β12 months
- Permanent numbness (fully numb area) occurs in 2β5% of cases
- Some patients have partial sensory changes that persist
- Upper jaw surgery:
- Affects sensation in the upper lip, cheeks, and nose area
- Temporary numbness is common
- Permanent numbness is less likely than with lower jaw surgery
- Genioplasty (chin surgery):
- The mental nerve can be affected
- Lower lip and chin numbness is common
- Usually resolves within 6 months
Timeline for Nerve Recovery
- 0β3 months: Numbness with possible tingling or pins-and-needles
- 3β6 months: Sensation gradually returns in patches
- 6β12 months: Most recovery occurs
- After 12 months: Any remaining numbness is likely permanent
What "Permanent" Feels Like
Most permanent numbness is not completely insensate β it may feel like an area that is "different" from before. Many patients adapt and it does not significantly affect their quality of life.
Clinical Guidance
Temporary numbness of the lower lip and chin is very common after lower jaw surgery. Permanent numbness is possible but occurs in only 2β5% of cases. Most patients find that any remaining change in sensation is minor and does not affect their daily life.