I Have a Cough That Won't Go Away β€” Could It Be Throat Cancer?

A persistent cough is one of the most common reasons people see a doctor. Here is what it could mean.

A chronic cough is very common and most often caused by conditions other than cancer.

  • Common causes include:
  • Post-nasal drip β€” the most common cause; mucus from the sinuses drips down and triggers coughing
  • GERD (acid reflux) β€” stomach acid reaching the throat can cause a chronic cough
  • Asthma β€” cough-variant asthma presents with cough as the main symptom
  • Allergies β€” seasonal or year-round allergies
  • ACE inhibitor medications β€” blood pressure medications that cause a dry cough in many people
  • Bronchitis or COPD β€” chronic lung conditions
  • Smoker's cough β€” long-term irritation from tobacco

Throat cancer is an uncommon cause of chronic cough. When it is, the cough is usually accompanied by other symptoms.

What to Look For

  • Usually not serious:
  • Cough that is worse at night or in the morning
  • Improves with allergy or reflux treatment
  • Productive cough (bringing up mucus)
  • Comes with nasal congestion or heartburn
  • Clear trigger (allergies, cold, medication)
  • Worth having checked:
  • Cough that lasts more than 4 weeks without clear cause
  • Coughing up blood (even a small amount)
  • Cough accompanied by hoarseness that persists
  • Pain when swallowing
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Shortness of breath

When to See a Doctor

  • See a doctor if:
  • Your cough has lasted more than 4 weeks
  • You cough up blood
  • You have hoarseness that will not go away
  • You have trouble swallowing or pain with swallowing
  • You have weight loss, fever, or night sweats
  • You are a smoker over age 45

Clinical Guidance